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李建生總裁采訪

記者：
您所在的公司，中國(guó)中鐵股份有限公司是中國(guó)國(guó)內(nèi)最大的建設(shè)公司之一。請(qǐng)問(wèn)您自2007年擔(dān)任財(cái)務(wù)總監(jiān)和副總裁一職以來(lái)，取得了那些主要成就？

李建生：
2007年以來(lái)，我?guī)ьI(lǐng)、組織全公司財(cái)務(wù)會(huì)計(jì)系統(tǒng)主要取得了以下幾個(gè)方面的成就：

1．構(gòu)建財(cái)務(wù)管理體系，強(qiáng)化財(cái)務(wù)集中控制。統(tǒng)一了會(huì)計(jì)政策，初步建立了以產(chǎn)權(quán)、資本關(guān)系為基礎(chǔ)，股份公司對(duì)子公司經(jīng)濟(jì)活動(dòng)的指導(dǎo)、檢查、糾偏為手段的財(cái)務(wù)集中管理控制體系；組織修訂并落實(shí)了集團(tuán)財(cái)務(wù)戰(zhàn)略，增強(qiáng)總部集中管控能力，發(fā)揮經(jīng)濟(jì)資源配置功能，促進(jìn)業(yè)務(wù)結(jié)構(gòu)優(yōu)化，推進(jìn)產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)重組。

2．規(guī)范預(yù)算管理機(jī)制，發(fā)揮預(yù)算統(tǒng)領(lǐng)作用。建立健全預(yù)算管理體系，形成集團(tuán)內(nèi)部部門(mén)合力，共同探索推進(jìn)預(yù)算工作的途徑，從編報(bào)、審核、調(diào)整、批復(fù)、考核等各環(huán)節(jié)入手，不斷深化預(yù)算管理工作，逐步推行包括經(jīng)營(yíng)預(yù)算、薪酬預(yù)算、投融資預(yù)算、財(cái)務(wù)預(yù)算在內(nèi)的全面預(yù)算管理。

3.努力夯實(shí)資產(chǎn)質(zhì)量，推進(jìn)企業(yè)持續(xù)發(fā)展。通過(guò)清理和理順產(chǎn)權(quán)關(guān)系，突出了各級(jí)企業(yè)的主業(yè)；通過(guò)進(jìn)一步加強(qiáng)財(cái)務(wù)預(yù)算和工程項(xiàng)目管理，加強(qiáng)審計(jì)和全面的業(yè)績(jī)考核工作，夯實(shí)了項(xiàng)目和企業(yè)的資產(chǎn)質(zhì)量。

4．健全會(huì)計(jì)核算體系，提高會(huì)計(jì)信息質(zhì)量。結(jié)合新準(zhǔn)則和企業(yè)實(shí)際情況，組織制定了企業(yè)會(huì)計(jì)核算辦法，修訂了有關(guān)會(huì)計(jì)政策，并根據(jù)實(shí)際變化，及時(shí)細(xì)化和補(bǔ)充相關(guān)核算規(guī)定，為推動(dòng)全公司財(cái)務(wù)信息集中、確保會(huì)計(jì)政策統(tǒng)一，提高會(huì)計(jì)信息質(zhì)量奠定了基礎(chǔ)。

5．完善績(jī)效考核管理，引導(dǎo)企業(yè)持續(xù)發(fā)展。修訂印發(fā)了企業(yè)效績(jī)考核辦法，通過(guò)多指標(biāo)、全方位對(duì)子企業(yè)實(shí)行差異化管理，按業(yè)務(wù)板塊分類(lèi)考核，達(dá)到引導(dǎo)企業(yè)經(jīng)濟(jì)行為，加強(qiáng)基礎(chǔ)管理，提高經(jīng)濟(jì)效益，科學(xué)客觀評(píng)判各企業(yè)經(jīng)營(yíng)成果的目的。

6．深化項(xiàng)目財(cái)務(wù)管理，提高項(xiàng)目盈利能力。通過(guò)建立健全項(xiàng)目財(cái)務(wù)管理機(jī)構(gòu)，規(guī)范項(xiàng)目財(cái)務(wù)管理制度，實(shí)施重點(diǎn)項(xiàng)目財(cái)務(wù)監(jiān)管，開(kāi)展項(xiàng)目財(cái)務(wù)預(yù)算管理調(diào)研等措施加強(qiáng)了項(xiàng)目財(cái)務(wù)管理水平，切實(shí)提高企業(yè)盈利水平。

7．適應(yīng)財(cái)會(huì)工作新要求，實(shí)施財(cái)務(wù)信息化建設(shè)。組織推進(jìn)財(cái)務(wù)信息化建設(shè)穩(wěn)步實(shí)施，構(gòu)建了中國(guó)中鐵財(cái)務(wù)信息集成平臺(tái)，提升了管理效能。

8．滿足新形勢(shì)要求，加強(qiáng)財(cái)務(wù)隊(duì)伍建設(shè)。抓好培訓(xùn)工作，提高了財(cái)務(wù)隊(duì)伍的整體素質(zhì)和學(xué)歷結(jié)構(gòu)。

9. 加強(qiáng)外部協(xié)調(diào)溝通，積極尋求財(cái)政支持。及時(shí)掌握財(cái)政、財(cái)務(wù)政策的變化情況，了解監(jiān)管部門(mén)年度監(jiān)管重點(diǎn)，有針對(duì)性地加強(qiáng)整改，降低企業(yè)稅務(wù)、財(cái)政檢查、信息披露規(guī)范等方面的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。通過(guò)積極溝通財(cái)政部門(mén)，就地震災(zāi)害損失、海外礦業(yè)發(fā)展、企業(yè)技術(shù)進(jìn)步等取得了財(cái)政資金的大力支持。

記者：
全球金融危機(jī)對(duì)您的公司帶來(lái)了哪些影響？

李建生：
受金融危機(jī)影響，全公司生產(chǎn)經(jīng)營(yíng)面臨著諸多的嚴(yán)峻考驗(yàn)，給企業(yè)帶來(lái)了較大的經(jīng)營(yíng)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。一是全球經(jīng)濟(jì)危機(jī)使公司海外業(yè)務(wù)和金融業(yè)務(wù)受到較大沖擊；二是財(cái)務(wù)控制更加困難，受金融危機(jī)影響，部分項(xiàng)目業(yè)主支付能力困難，違約率可能提高，項(xiàng)目工程帳款回收速度降低。同時(shí)，原材料價(jià)格不穩(wěn)定，增加了企業(yè)成本管理的難度，對(duì)企業(yè)管理提出了挑戰(zhàn)。

同時(shí)，受惠于國(guó)家政策調(diào)整，作為建筑施工企業(yè)也面臨一系列的發(fā)展機(jī)遇。一是傳統(tǒng)業(yè)務(wù)市場(chǎng)空間增大。金融危機(jī)發(fā)生后，國(guó)家提出要“綜合運(yùn)用減稅、擴(kuò)大中央政府投資等多種手段加大對(duì)保障民生、擴(kuò)大內(nèi)需、轉(zhuǎn)變發(fā)展方式和結(jié)構(gòu)調(diào)整的支持力度”，并推出“4萬(wàn)億經(jīng)濟(jì)刺激計(jì)劃”，以擴(kuò)大基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施建設(shè)投資拉動(dòng)內(nèi)需。作為建筑企業(yè)，這為我們進(jìn)一步拓展市場(chǎng)空間，擴(kuò)大生產(chǎn)規(guī)模，促進(jìn)企業(yè)又好又快發(fā)展帶來(lái)了新機(jī)遇；二是有利于改善融資環(huán)境和成本。央行連續(xù)下調(diào)存款準(zhǔn)備金率，有利于擴(kuò)大整體信貸額度，改善中國(guó)中鐵的融資環(huán)境，融資難的局面將得到進(jìn)一步緩解。同時(shí)，央行連續(xù)下調(diào)貸款利息，一定程度上也降低了企業(yè)財(cái)務(wù)成本；三是主要建筑材料，尤其是鋼材價(jià)格下跌，降低了工程成本。

記者：
在您的職業(yè)發(fā)展中，您認(rèn)為最重要的因素是什么？（比如：專(zhuān)業(yè)發(fā)展與學(xué)習(xí)機(jī)會(huì)，深造，培訓(xùn)輔導(dǎo)）

李建生：
我認(rèn)為不斷的學(xué)習(xí)，不斷地積累知識(shí)，提高業(yè)務(wù)能力是最重要的。知識(shí)是職業(yè)發(fā)展的基礎(chǔ)，是能力體系的支撐?？梢钥隙ǖ卣f(shuō)，無(wú)知者必?zé)o能。知識(shí)體系的結(jié)構(gòu)必須是合理的，不是說(shuō)知識(shí)越多就越好，要不斷地升級(jí)與更換。一個(gè)人要建立合理的知識(shí)結(jié)構(gòu),首先必須學(xué)習(xí)和掌握廣博的知識(shí),不僅要有自然科學(xué)知識(shí),還要掌握一些人文科學(xué)知識(shí)和管理方面的知識(shí),并注意關(guān)心國(guó)內(nèi)外經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展動(dòng)態(tài),不斷充實(shí)自己.要經(jīng)常參加業(yè)務(wù)培訓(xùn)，拓展知識(shí)的廣度。其次要多參加社會(huì)實(shí)踐,積累感性認(rèn)識(shí)和實(shí)踐性經(jīng)驗(yàn),沒(méi)有感性認(rèn)識(shí)作基礎(chǔ),書(shū)本上的知識(shí)也難于掌握,更難于應(yīng)用到生產(chǎn)實(shí)踐中去。最近幾年，我連續(xù)參加了國(guó)務(wù)院國(guó)資委和法國(guó)HEC商學(xué)院共同舉辦的企業(yè)高級(jí)管理人員工商管理碩士課程學(xué)習(xí)以及長(zhǎng)江商學(xué)院的學(xué)習(xí)，受益匪淺。

記者：
成為專(zhuān)業(yè)團(tuán)體的會(huì)員，對(duì)您意味著什么？

李建生：
有幸參加澳大利亞國(guó)家會(huì)計(jì)師協(xié)會(huì)，對(duì)我所在的企業(yè)、我所帶領(lǐng)的工作團(tuán)隊(duì)以及我個(gè)人都具有重要的作用。澳大利亞國(guó)家會(huì)計(jì)師協(xié)會(huì)給我提供了一個(gè)很好的平臺(tái)。一是這個(gè)平臺(tái)可以使我學(xué)習(xí)到更多的知識(shí)，我相信，在澳大利亞國(guó)家會(huì)計(jì)師協(xié)會(huì)能夠接觸到更多更科學(xué)更先進(jìn)的財(cái)會(huì)知識(shí)，這些知識(shí)對(duì)我是有益的補(bǔ)充。二是這個(gè)平臺(tái)可以和全球的同行們?cè)鲞M(jìn)了解，加強(qiáng)交流。通過(guò)橫向比較學(xué)習(xí)，能夠增強(qiáng)財(cái)會(huì)工作的視野，指導(dǎo)具體的工作。三是這個(gè)平臺(tái)可以更快地促進(jìn)自身能力的提高，也可以帶動(dòng)我所在的企業(yè)會(huì)計(jì)工作水平的提高。通過(guò)接受貴協(xié)會(huì)的培訓(xùn)，對(duì)自身工作能力和工作水平必將有一個(gè)很大的推動(dòng)，通過(guò)個(gè)人的學(xué)習(xí)，我也可以將一些有益的內(nèi)容帶回到我所在的企業(yè)，對(duì)企業(yè)的發(fā)展也必將發(fā)揮重要的作用。

Questions for Ms Li

Reporter：
Your company, China Railway, is one of China’s largest construction companies. What are your main achievements since you took on the role of CFO and vice president in 2007?

Ms Li：
Main financial accounting achievements ever since I took on the role of CFO and vice president in 2007 can be concluded in the following several aspects:

1.Construct financial management system, strengthen central control. Helped unifying accounting policy, and established central management control scheme based on copyright and assets relationship, by means of directing, inspecting and correcting economic activities of subsidiary companies by joint-hold company; organized amending and implementing corporate financial strategy, so as to help strengthening central control capacity of head quarter, employing economic resource reallocation function, speeding optimization of business structure, and driving industrial restructuration.

2.Standardize budget management scheme, employ budget’s predominant function. Helped to construct sound and solid budget management system to formalise collective team working spirit among internal departments, and to guide the whole team to enhance budgeting methods, starting with audit drawing, checking, adjustment, approval and assessment, so as to further budget management and implement gradually comprehensive budget management system, which includes operation budget, remuneration budget, investment & financing budget, and financial budget.

3.Reinforce asset quality, promote corporate sustainable development. Sorted out property relations, stressed all-level business highlights; further enhanced financial budget and project management, also strengthened auditing and comprehensive performance assessing work, so that to consolidate project development and corporate assets quality.

4.Establish and improve accounting system, enhance accounting information quality. Combined with new accounting rules and corporate actual situation, I organised setting up corporate accounting strategies, amending relevant accounting policies, and based on actual changes; specified and supplemented related accounting checking regulations so as to promote integration of corporate financial information and unity of accounting policies, which would lay solid foundation for improving accounting information quality.

5.Better performance assessment management, guide corporate sustainable development direction. Released amended corporate performance assessment methods; realised differences in management to branch companies through multiple indexes and comprehensive angle; also realised efficient management based on specific business unit, so as to guide corporate economic activities, strengthen basic administration, improve economic achievements and judge corporate operation result more scientifically.

6.Further financial management of each project, improve project profitability. Establishing and improving comprehensive financial management scheme, standardizing project financial management system, implementing key project financial supervision, and carrying out project financial budget management research so as to enhance project financial management level and to improve corporate profitability.

7.Adapted to new requirements of fiscal work, implement financial informatization construction. Organized and promoted financial informatization construction, established integrated information platform for China Railway, and improved management efficiency.

8.Suit to new requirements of new situation, enhance financial team-building. Focused on training to the team, so as to improve comprehensive quality and knowledge structure of financial team.

9.Enhance communication with external side, search financial support. Mastered fiscal and financial updates, new policy changes in particular, so as to understand key management points, and to strengthen according adjustment to lower corporate taxation, financial inspection and information disclosure risks. Through active communication with financial departments, obtained financial supports on earthquake losses, overseas mining exploration and corporate technical developments.

Reporter：
What impact has the global financial crisis had on your company?

Ms Li：
Impacted by global financial crisis, our company is confronted with many challenges, which brings huge operation risk to our company. Firstly, Global financial crisis brought severe impact to overseas and financial business; secondly, being influenced by the crisis, financial control became very difficult and part of project owners’ payment capacity was severely damaged, and this might led to rise of breach rate and fall of project accounts recollection speed. Meanwhile, due to unstable prices of raw material, it increased difficulties of project management, and posed more challenges.

At the same time, adjustment of national policies brings series of opportunities to construction enterprises. Firstly, expansion of traditional market. After breakout of the financial crisis, China launched favourable policies to people’s livelihood, such as “comprehensively use of tax cuts, expand central government investment so as to protect people's livelihood and boost domestic demand; change development model and increase structural adjustment support," ; "4 trillion economic stimulus package", to expand the infrastructure investment to stimulate domestic demand. As construction group, we could utilize this precious opportunity to further explore our market, expand producing scale and enhance sound and solid development of our company. Secondly, It is advantageous for us to improve investment environment and lower costs. The Central Bank lowered the deposit reserve ratio continuously, it is favourable for raising our credit line, improving financing environment of China Railway, which will relieve current financing difficulties. And meanwhile, it also lowers corporate financial cost to some point. Thirdly, prices of major construction materials, iron in particular, continued to fall, which undoubtedly lowers project cost.

Reporter：
What have been the most important factors in your career development? (For example, professional development and learning opportunities, further study, mentoring)

Ms Li：
In my opinion, the most important factor in career development is accumulation of knowledge and improvement of skills. Knowledge is the basement of career development, the support of capacity system. It is with no doubt that incompetence stems from ignorance. Structure of knowledge system must be scientific and reasonable. It doesn’t mean that the more knowledge the better. Knowledge needs updating and changing. In order to construct logical knowledge structure, one should first master comprehensive knowledge, not only science, but also culture and management, and what's more, one needs to concern about latest changes of economy both domestic and abroad. One needs to enrich himself constantly, participate in trainings to enlarge knowledge scope. Also, one needs to take part in social practises, to accumulate perceptual and practical experiences. Because without perceptual knowledge, it is impossible for one to master book learning, or make utilization of what have learnt to practice. In recent years, I constantly attended trainings and MBA courses co-organised by State Asset Regulatory Commission and HEC Paris, also I participated learning classes organised by Cheung Kong Graduate School of Business, all of which offered beneficial knowledge to me.

Reporter：
What does it mean for you to be a member of a professional association?

Ms Li：
It is my hornor to join NIA, which possesses great meaning to my company, my working team and me myself. NIA provides an excellent platform to me. Firstly, I can learn a lot of practical knowledge through this platform, because I can get access to leading edge financial knowledge, which is a beneficial supplementto what I have mastered. Secondly, this platform shortens distance among professionals, it provides opportunity for members to get to know each other and communicate. Through comparison and learning among professionals of the same field, we can further expand horizons, and learn specific advanced work experience. Thirdly, NIA promotes self improvement, which can no doubt drive the improvement of accounting working level and quality of the whole team. NIA’s CPE trainings can drive me to improve my capacity and working level. Through personal study, I can also bring beneficial knowledge and practise back to my company, which will be a great help to the corporate development.